Example 1:
The first thing you will notice is it follows the rule of the thirds.... There are 2 important points of interest here... The first one is the eyes, which have been placed on the upper 1/3rd horizontal line.
The second point of interest is what the eyes are looking at- the figure being drawn, which has been placed on the lower 1/3rd horizontal line
The frame has also been almost filled by the subject. A mistake many beginners tend to make is including the whole body. This creates unnecessary waste of space and also brings in distractions. Don't be afraid to cut out the top of the head, etc by the frame edges.
Shot with my beloved 50mm f/1.8 lens @ f/2.8, ISO 400, 1/40s on aperture priority mode. I used an aperture value of f/2.8 to blur the background while keeping most of the subject in reasonable focus.
I focussed on the pencil tip, here's why- when there is a human in the frame, the first thing we look at is their eyes. If their eyes are not looking at the camera, but instead gazing at some other object, our eyes immediately look at that object next, within a fraction of a second.
If a person is looking into the camera you should in 95% of the cases FOCUS ON THEIR EYES.
Example 2:
The charm of this shot is its simplicity. Subject placed on the lower right intersection of the thirds. No distracting elements in the frame.
Shot @ ISO400, f/2, 1/125s on 50mm f/1.8 lens
Example 3:
Follows rule of thirds(fingers). Uses converging lines(strings) to draw the viewers eyes into the photograph. Directional lighting reveals texture, form and depth. Background with no distractions.
I took it using my iphone 3Gs's cam near a window which provided directional lighting. Adjusted black point using levels to make background pitch black.
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